Genre much deals with kinds of texts. It has communicative purpose/social function (tujuan komunikasi), generic structure/text organization (struktur teks), and linguistic features (ciri-ciri kebahasaan).
Berikut ini bentuk-bentuk genre dalam bahasa Inggris:
a. Analytical Exposition (eksposisi analitikal)
1. Ciri Umum:
a. Tujuan Komunikatif (communicative purpose/social function):
The communicative purpose/social function of analytical exposition is to persuade the reader or listener that something is the case (untuk membujuk, meyakinkan atau mempengaruhi pembaca atau pendengar bahwa sesuatu memang seperti itu). Kadang juga dikatakan bahwa analytical exposition dimaksudkan untuk mempengaruhi audience (pendengar atau pembaca) bahwa ada masalah yang tentunya perlu mendapat perhatian.
b. Struktur Teks (generic structure):
· Pernyataan pendapat (Thesis)
1. Position: introduces topic and indicates writer’s position.
2. Preview: outlines the main argument to be presented.
· Argumen (arguments)
1. Point: restate main argument outlined in preview.
2. Elaboration: develops and supports each point/argument.
· Reiteration: restate writer’s position.
c. Ciri Kebahasaan (linguistic features):
Menggunakan:
· General nouns, example car, pollution, leaded petrol car, etc.
· Abstract nouns, example policy, government, etc.
· Technical verbs, example species of animals, etc.
· Relating verbs, example It is important, etc.
· Action verbs, example She must save, etc.
· Thinking verbs, example Many people believe, etc.
· Modal verbs, example we must preserve, etc.
· Modal adverbs, example certainly, we, etc.
· Connectives, example firstly, secondly, etc.
· Bahasa evaluatif, example important, valuable, trustworthy, etc.
· Kalimat pasif (passive voice)
2. Contoh dan Struktur Teks:
Cars should be Banned in the City
Cars should be banned in the city. As we all know, cars create pollution, and cause a lot of road deaths and other accidents. Firstly, cars, as we all know, contribute to most of the pollution in the world. Cars emit a deadly gas that causes illnesses such as bronchitis, lung cancer, and ‘triggers’ off asthma. Some of these illnesses are so bad that people can die from them. Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander everywhere and cars commonly hit pedestrians in the city, which causes them to die. Cars today are our roads biggest killers. Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to sleep at night, or concentrate on your homework, and especially talk to someone. In conclusion, cars should be banned from the city for the reasons listed.
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